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    Objectives:
    • Teach staff members about developmentally appropriate environmental designs for learning.
    • 模型how to design effective environments and help staff brainstorm solutions.
    • Observe and provide feedback on learning environments.

    Learn

    Learn

    Teach

    What messages do you want your environment to send? How do you want staff members, children, and families to feel while they are in your space? What do you want them to learn?

    There are several things to keep in mind as you help staff design or redesign their classroom or program spaces. First, you should contribute your expertise on high-quality environments. You must know what a high-quality learning environment looks like for infants, toddlers, preschoolers, school-age children, and youth. You can read the age-specific Learning Environment courses for a review. These lessons stress the importance of the physical environment, how the environment sends messages to children, youth and adults about how to appropriately use the space, and how arrangement of the environment can hinder or facilitate staff’s work with children and families. The lessons include information on developing and communicating predictable schedules and routines. In addition, the lessons provide information on constructing indoor and outdoor environments that are:

    • Designed to support the interests and development of children and youth, including information on relevant interest or activity areas that could be included based on child age
    • Organized to support independence, easy use, and learning
    • Full of materials that are developmentally appropriate, culturally relevant, open-ended (i.e., materials that can be used in a variety of ways), and that support a variety of learning goals for children or youth
    • Simultaneously engaging, with interesting experiences, and calming with home-like attributes
    • Supportive of all children and youth

    您还必须能够向工作人员传达此信息。本课程将帮助您确定高质量的环境,并为帮助工作人员不断改进学习环境提供建议。yabo电子游艺虽然许多工作人员将环境视为他们的创造力和教学方法的表达,但您对确保环境旨在学习的终极责任。yabo电子游艺

    Many staff members may need you to provide them with information about child development. Make sure staff members understand the unique needs of the age group with which they work:

    • 婴儿的学习环境示例,包括毛yabo电子游艺绒动物和恐龙等等Infants use their senses to explore the world around them. The environment should be set up to encourage this exploration, but safety and supervision should be primary concerns. Infants can do a lot! As infants learn and grow, their needs change. After 6 months of age, children are ready to explore a bit more broadly.
    • toddlers and their care-giver finger-paint at a round tableToddlers are also explorers, but their new mobility has broadened the world of exploration possibilities. Toddlers take risks and test their own limits. The environment should maintain safety while allowing toddlers to practice their new independence.
    • preschoolers draw and color outdoors亚慱彩票学龄前儿童正在世界arou的感觉nd them. They are able to explore more independently, and they can move confidently and quickly. They need a variety of objects and settings to explore, manipulate, and create. The environment should spark their creativity, but it should also help them practice important independent skills, such as hand washing and dressing.
    • 学龄儿童与乐队一起玩School-age children need many of the same experiences as preschoolers, but they are ready for more sophistication, independence, and challenge. The environment should allow them to identify peer groups, work alone or with others, and select materials and experiences that interest them.

    You must be prepared to teach staff members about the role the environment plays in the curriculum and in child behavior. Talk to staff members about how their environments are designed to support engagement and active learning. Also be prepared to encourage staff members to look at their environments first when challenging behaviors occur.

    模型

    你专业的内容项目,it is your job to be a role model for effective practices. You should have an active role in designing environments. Help staff members arrange their spaces. As you do so, talk about why it is important to arrange environments in systematic ways (separating loud and quiet spaces, providing boundaries, etc.). Spend time talking about the space, sharing organization tips, and helping move furniture. Brainstorm together when problems arise. Model looking at the environment first when challenging behaviors occur. Ask questions like:

    • What do you think this environment is communicating to the children or youth?
    • What are your goals for this space?
    • How do you think children or youth should use this space?
    • Is it easy to do what needs to be done here? Why or why not? What would make it easier?
    • What problems are children having? What messages do you think they are trying to send with their behavior?

    模型curiosity and problem solving as you work with staff members. When a space needs to be arranged or rearranged, help staff members list all the activities, events, and materials that the space should accommodate. Use that list to set goals for the space and clearly define spaces that serve different functions. Also, keep open lines of communication among staff members who work different shifts in the same space. It is important that all staff members understand the purposes behind environmental arrangement.

    最后,与您的程序的管理一起工作,以确保您的程序的共享空间将与单个教室相同的消息传达。模型一个完整的,无杂乱的,以及专注的方法,可以在程序中设计所有空格yabo电子游艺。这意味着前台,员工打破区域和培训室都安排在学术中。yabo电子游艺

    Observe

    您有责任确保工作人员提供高质量,有效的环境。与安全一样,您的计划可能有工具来评估室内和室外环境的质量。几种环境评级尺度是可商购的(射击,Ecers-R,Sacers)。您还可以使用国家幼儿环境标准的教育协会或为学龄计划开发的其他工具。这些工具可以提供有价值的信息,以帮助重点介绍工作人员在他们提供的学习环境和材料周围的专业发展。yabo电子游艺

    Observing and talking with staff members are the best means for assessing the strengths and meeting the challenges of their learning environments. It is important for you to know each staff member's individual strengths and challenges. Remember, you may also need to support consistency across different shifts among staff members who work in the same classroom.

    Let's begin by taking another look at a classroom that you first were introduced to in the Safety Course. Making simple improvements to an environment often can have a major impact on the overall classroom experience — including safety and learning. You've already watched this video and thought about the safety implications. Now, take some time to think about how this space affects learning.

    Case Example 1: Learning Environment

    How does this toddler environment impact learning?

    案例示例步骤1:制定计划

    What did you notice about this environment? Did it maximize opportunities for learning? Did it provide a strong foundation for the curriculum? As a trainer or coach, it is your responsibility to provide supports so the answers to the last two questions are “Yes!” Think about what specific strategies a trainer, coach, and classroom team might discuss to help maximize learning in this environment. In the Safety Course, the trainer, coach, and teachers discussed creating “zones” for easy supervision, developing a role-by-responsibility matrix so adults knew what to do at all times in each zone, and taking data on “hot spots” in the classroom. These same steps can be powerful ways to promote learning. In this case, we would begin to provide the staff members with some rationale forwhy and how区域和积极监督促进学习。yabo电子游艺这是一个简单的方法,一个关于课堂环境的目标可以包括学习结果:yabo电子游艺

    Goal:提供安全的环境,促进所有幼儿的发展和学习。yabo电子游艺

    Steps to reach the goal:

    1. 从课程指南和在线收集样本教室设计。确定我们空间的优势和弱点。负责人和时间表:迈克尔(教练)将于下周二填写并返回课堂队。
    2. Organize the classroom into learning "zones." Make sure zones are clearly defined, large open spaces are broken up, and children and adults know what to do in each zone. Person responsible and timeline: Team will organize during Oct. 25 meeting time.
    3. Include each zone in the weekly lesson plan, so learning activities are provided. Person responsible and timeline: Joanne and Marley (teachers) will begin immediately.
    4. Continue taking data to identify "hot spots." Person responsible and timeline: Michael, ongoing.

    Case Example Step 2: Provide Feedback

    It’s important to talk to staff members about their environments. When staff members perceive challenging behavior, it is helpful to consider the environment first. In this case example, the trainer or coach might say something like:

    • "I noticed that the transition after breakfast seemed especially difficult today. In a perfect world, what would you want to have happen during that time?"
    • “考虑我们的环境如何设置为帮助孩子们学习,并使我们的工作更容易思考这是非常重要的。让我们在早餐后的环境中可以帮助您出现一些方式。”
    • “今天如何比较其他日子?如果我们分手,孩子们今天在跑步时,你会怎么想?”
    • "You two are working so hard to provide positive directions to the kids. I think there are some ways your learning environment can provide some of those directions for you. Let's take a walk around your room and brainstorm together."

    案例示例步骤3:提供资源

    All of us need the right tools to do our jobs. Use the information you have gathered to connect staff members with resources they need. You might model a skill, arrange for a staff member to observe in another classroom or program, bring in materials from a lending library, or brainstorm new ways to arrange a space. For example, a variety of commercial vendors offer free sample classroom blueprints-the company that sells your program's furniture may have resources you can find online. You could compare the strengths and weaknesses of each and brainstorm ways you could apply designs with the furniture and materials you already have. You might also help connect staff members with resources about teaming, or working with each other to solve problems. The University of Minnesota REACH program (https://reachfamiliesd7.umn.edu/prodev/track/coaching-and-managing-success) has a variety of resources for developing your coaching skills and helping support adult learners.

    您还可以看到一些示例楼层为婴儿,幼儿和学龄前是访问:亚慱彩票http://www.spacesforchildren.com/flrpln.html。虽然这些是设计空间布局的潜在方式的示例,但请记住您的计划中的安全和政策规则,并帮助工作人员在开发课堂布局时考虑这些。

    学习环境的其他示例yabo电子游艺

    As a trainer or coach, you will likely see a range of environments across a range of age groups. Watch the following videos to see examples of environments with varying levels of quality. The case example followed an infant and toddler setting, and these examples represent preschool and school-age settings. Each video ends with a summary of how you might follow up with the staff members.

    A Range of Preschool Learning Environments

    Watch a variety of preschool learning environments

    See

    You Saw:

    • Several children are playing in the block area.
    • 两个女孩走进来聚集艺术材料。
    • Door to the playground is located within the block area.
    • 几种类型的块和播放配件存储在低,开口架上。

    Say

    你可能会说的:

    • How do children use the block area? Have you noticed any patterns of problems?
    • 房间的哪个地区似乎拥有最多的冲突或问题与孩子一起徘徊?
    • 您对儿童使用空间和材料的方式如何?
    • 我注意到这些女孩需要穿过房间来聚集艺术用品。这是典型的吗?这对当天的流动做了什么?

    Do

    What you might do:

    • Observe and provide feedback on how children access the materials they need for each interest area.
    • Help the staff members rearrange the materials, so all the materials children need are close at hand.
    • Help the staff member rearrange furniture and interest areas, so children can play without interruption.
    • Encourage the staff member to visit other classrooms or spend some time using online classroom design programs for ideas.

    See

    You Saw:

    • 块区域在各方面都有明确的边界,并且空间致力于在这一天的这个时间内建设。
    • Children and teacher are building a large structure. It is large enough (and there are sufficient materials) for children and teachers to sit in it.

    Say

    你可能会说的:

    • How did you decide how to arrange the space in your room? What were your priorities?
    • 这种安排如何与您尝试的其他安排进行比较?
    • What are your learning goals for the space? How do you change the space for different learning goals?
    • 什么似乎进展顺利?有什么挑战吗?
    • 您对儿童使用空间和材料的方式如何?

    Do

    What you might do:

    • 帮助工作人员文件,经验儿童和工作人员在空间和学习所取得的学习。yabo电子游艺
    • Encourage the staff member to discuss the benefits of their room design at a staff meeting.

    A Range of School-Age Learning Environments

    。。。

    See

    What a coach saw:

    • There are plenty of options for play.
    • 所有游戏选项都排列在房间的墙壁周围。中间有一个大型开放空间。
    • 建立材料,因此儿童可以自己访问它们。

    Say

    What a coach might say:

    • How do children use the space? Have you noticed any patterns of problems?
    • How do you think children would respond if the materials were arranged into clear areas with entries and exits?
    • 您对儿童使用空间和材料的方式如何?

    Do

    What you might do:

    • Observe and provide feedback on how children use the space and where "hot spots" for problems exist.
    • Help staff rearrange the furniture, so the space in the middle of the room is minimized.

    See

    What a coach saw:

    • Large space with clearly defined program areas for different activities.
    • Quiet activities (homework) and loud activities are separated.
    • Comfortable areas for relaxation are provided.

    Say

    What a coach might say:

    • How did you decide how to arrange the space in your program? What were your priorities?
    • 什么似乎进展顺利?有什么挑战吗?
    • 如何根据学习目标做出改变?yabo电子游艺
    • 孩子如何回应所有选择?你如何支持他们?

    Do

    What you might do:

    • Continue to observe and help staff members problem-solve if issues arise.
    • 提供反馈和支持空间内的规划活动。

    Completing this Course

    For more information on what to expect in this course and a list of the accompanying Learn, Explore and Apply resources and activities offered throughout the lessons, visit the Training & Curriculum Specialist Learning EnvironmentsCourse Guide

    To support the professional development of the direct care staff members or family child care providers you oversee, you can access their corresponding Course Guides:

    探索

    探索

    You have an important role to help staff members create learning environments that are aesthetically pleasing, intellectually stimulating, nurturing, and physically and psychologically safe. As you watch these videos from child development and school-age programs, use theExploring Learning Environmentsactivity to answer the questions. Then, review the suggested responses.

    Exploring Learning Environments: School-Age

    Watch this video to explore a school-age learning environment.

    探索学习环境:婴儿yabo电子游艺

    Watch this video to explore an infant learning environment.

    Apply

    Apply

    Observations should be anchored in some sort of measurement system. This will help ensure that you coach consistently across staff members and settings. It also helps you provide objective, factual feedback to staff members about their learning environments. TheTools for Observing the Learning Environmentguide provides a brief annotated list of common environmental observation tools. This list is not exhaustive. Check with your administrator for tools your program recommends.

    Use the组织开发和学习最佳实践清单的空间yabo电子游艺as a focused observation tool to support staff that have completed the Learning Environments course but may need additional support or follow up on creating spaces that promote learning. This checklist provides an easy way to follow up on goals set around this topic and specific feedback to staff members about what you observed.

    Glossary

    Term 描述
    Developmentally appropriate 适合儿童年龄和一般发展水平的物品,玩具或活动;它是安全的,提供适当的挑战水平
    Open-ended 可以以各种方式使用的玩具或材料(例如,块,框,戏剧播放项目)

    Demonstrate

    Demonstrate
    Assessment:

    第一季度

    Janae has noticed that children in Robyn’s preschool classroom engage in a lot of challenging behavior, frequently wander around the classroom without engaging in any interest areas, and congregate in certain areas of the room. What may be the problem?

    Q2

    为什么一个程序使用一个环境评级scale or other observational tool as part of professional development for staff members?

    Q3

    真的or false? As a supervisor, trainer, or coach you play an active role in designing and arranging environments.

    参考资料:

    Bronson, M. B. (1997).The Right Stuff for Children Birth to 8: Selecting play materials to support development.华盛顿特区:国家幼儿教育协会。

    CSEFEL Inventory of Practices for Promoting Children’s Social Emotional Competence. (2010). Center on the Social and Emotional Foundations for Early Learning. Retrieved fromhttp://csefel.vanderbilt.edu/modules/module1/handout4.pdf

    Curtis, D., & Carter, M. (2003).Designs for Living and Learning: Transforming early childhood environments.St. Paul, MN: Redleaf Press.

    Dodge, D. T., Colker, L. J., & Heroman, C. (2002).The Creative Curriculum for Preschool(第4届)。华盛顿特区:教学策略,Inc。

    Greenman, J. (2007).Caring spaces, learning places: Children’s environments that work. Redmond, WA: Exchange Press, Inc.

    Grisham-Brown, J., Hemmeter, M. L., & Pretti-Frontczak, K. (2005).Blended Practices for Teaching Young Children in Inclusive Settings.Baltimore, MD: Brookes Publishing Co.

    伤害,T.,Cryer,D.,&Clifford,R. M.(2007)。Family Child Care Environment Rating Scale,(rev. ed.). New York: Teachers College Press.

    Harms, T., Cryer, D. and Clifford, R.M. (1998).Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale,(rev. ed.). New York: Teachers College Press.

    Harms, T., D. Cryer & R.M. Clifford. (2006).Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scale,(rev. ed.). New York: Teachers College Press.

    Harms, T., Jacobs, E. V., & White, D. R. (1995).School-Age Care Environment Rating Scale.New York: Teachers College Press.

    McWilliam, R. A., & Casey, A. M. (2007).Engagement of Every Child in the Preschool Classroom.Baltimore, MD: Brookes Publishing Co.

    University of Minnesota REACH. (2020). Supporting Families through Research and Outreach.https://reachfamilies.umn.edu/