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    Objectives:
    • 描述部署对儿童和家庭的各种影响。
    • 描述您可以使用以前,期间和之后的员工来支持员工的策略。
    • Provide support and resources to families related to mental health and well-being.

    learn

    learn

    Teach

    Children experience a range of emotions, and those emotions are amplified when a family experiences a major change like deployment, death, divorce, separation, relocation, or job loss. You and your staff will likely work with children whose families experience these types of stressful events. These events mark an important time in the life of a child and their family. Each family handles stress differently, and each child will have unique needs. Nevertheless, you can use specific strategies to help staff members support children. It is your job to make sure staff members are competent and confident in their ability to support the mental health of children and youth.

    First, you can introduce staff members to the Strengthening Families Protective Factors Framework. This framework is designed to prevent child abuse and neglect, but it is also an excellent way to approach your work with all families. When we strengthen families, we support the mental health of children. This framework focuses on strengths and promotes overall well-being. While it is beyond the scope of this lesson to completely explain the Protective Factors framework, but you can learn more by visitinghttps://cssp.org/resource/about-strengthening-families-and-the-protective-factors-framework/。目前,您可以教授有五个保护因素,他们可以帮助所有家庭的支持:

    加强家庭保护因素
    By the Center for the Study of Social Policy(图1)

    1. 父母的适应力

      Families are able to manage stress and bounce back from challenges.

    2. 对儿童发展和养育的知识

      成年人知道随着孩子的成长会有什么样的期望,并且能够在每个发展阶段满足孩子的需求。

    3. 社会关系

      家人都知道有人关心他们,他们可以求助于他们。

    4. Concrete Supports in Times of Need

      Families can get the help they need when crises strike: food and shelter, medical and mental health services, social, legal, and educational resources.

    5. 儿童的社会和情感能力

      社会和情感发展促进与他人的健康关系。具有强大的关系的儿童可以规范自己的行为,表达他们的情绪,并与他人联系起来较低的虐待风险。

    You can learn more about the Protective Factors Framework by visiting
    https://cssp.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Branching-Out-and-Reaching-Deeper.pdf

    For the purposes of this lesson, we will focus on resilience. This is the ability to manage stress and bounce back from challenges. It is important for adults and children alike. Dr. Kenneth Ginsberg has written extensively about how to develop and model resiliency to support military youth. Watch this video about his discussion of the "7 C's" that help children positively cope with the challenges of military life:http://www.fosteringresilience.com/videos.php.。You can also read more about the "7 C's" for building resiliency in the Learn resource below, from the International Youth Foundation's,7 CS:弹性的基本构造块

    记住,所有的家庭都面临着各种各样的压力和挑战。对于军人家庭来说,部署是一个非常真实的压力源,而且在部署结束和服役人员回国后很长一段时间,这种压力仍然会影响家庭。确保员工了解部署是一个多阶段的过程。帮助他们了解家庭成员在部署之前、期间和之后可能经历的不同情绪。

    七级循环

    • 第一阶段-预计出发
    • Stage 2 — Detachment and Withdrawal
    • Stage 3 — Emotional Disorganization
    • 第4阶段-恢复和稳定
    • Stage 5 — Anticipation of Return
    • Stage 6 — Return Adjustment and Renegotiation
    • 第7阶段 - 重新融入和稳定

    Figure 1. Emotional Cycles of Deployment. Adapted from Morse (n.d.) and Pincus, House, Christenson, & Adler (2001).

    将工作人员与他们所需的资源联系起来。员工或家庭儿童保育提供者完成健亚慱彩票APP康环境课程后,跟进以确保他们可以识别在部署之前,期间和之后支持家庭的方法。请记住,所有家庭都可以类似地受到的情况影响,比如部署,如:离婚,死亡或丧失家庭成员,搬迁,监禁,延长疾病,失业或失业,吸毒成瘾等。面临这些家庭挑战类型可能会经历类似于上面的部署的情感周期的阶段。帮助工作人员明白,请求帮助。

    模型

    As a coach or trainer, you need to stay connected to the mental health needs of the children and families in your program. Make sure you know which families are experiencing deployments, divorce, relocation, grief, job loss, moving houses, adding a new family member or any other major change. Create opportunities for these families to connect with one another informally or through support networks on or near your installation. Also keep in mind that many of your staff members may experience similar life events. Listen to their concerns and help them find proactive ways to handle their stress.

    模型一个富有同情心的、解决问题的方法。let staff members know that you are there to listen any time they need to talk. And make yourself available to families. Although they will probably build the strongest relationships with the staff members who work directly with their children, you can also be a strong supportive resource for families. Advocate for initiatives that will help your program support children, families, and staff through difficult times. For example, watch this video demonstrating how one program helps bridge the distance between deployed service members and their children.

    部署期间连接

    本视频举例说明了一个程序如何通过部署来支持家庭和儿童。

    Observe

    对于甚至最经验丰富的工作人员来说,照顾体育的儿童和家庭可能是挑战。腕表签署,工作人员因素不堪重负或经历压力。准备介入并提供支持。阅读左侧的这些方案,并考虑如何回复。

    Scenario You might say…

    拉索拉奇的丈夫第一次被派往部队。她一想到这事就哭。她只是没有准备好和班上的孩子们谈论她的情绪和经历。她的感情太原始了。

    "LaShorage, I know you're hurting right now. I'm here to talk any time you need me. Let's take it slow. It might help to remember the kids in your class have these same feelings. You can help each other learn to talk about it …"

    斯特凡从小就相信“男孩是不会哭的”。他被教导说,谈论自己的感受是软弱的表现。他试图了解你的员工关于心理健康的发展事件,但他真的认为最好不要谈论困难或情绪化的事情。他认为如果每个人都保持忙碌,他们会感觉更好。

    “斯特凡,我可以看出你对这一切考虑了很多,你很关心孩子们。我们都知道每个人处理事情的方式都不一样。让我们谈谈一些我认为确实需要谈谈的孩子……”

    斯泰西是一名军事妻子和母亲20年。她已经完成了这一切。她可以安慰孩子,同事,妈妈和爸爸。事实上,她有一个善于与之交谈的人。即使孩子离开了你的计划后,人们也要寻求她。她总是为每个人拥抱,让每个人都感觉自己是房间里唯一的人。

    "Stacey, can you share some of your experiences and approaches with the other teachers? I think we can all learn from you and the way you connect."

    你还应该寻找员工正在经历压力的迹象。观看此视频以了解更多有关护理人员压力迹象的信息:

    工作人员压力的迹象

    了解压力的迹象,以便您支持所有员工。

    如果你看到这些迹象中的任何一个,认识到一个工作人员可能需要你的额外支持。找时间谈谈,计划一些缓解压力的机会。确保员工在需要时休息,并在工作之外得到所需的支持。

    当工作人员准备就绪时,使用Mental Health Best PracticesChecklistin the Apply section to observe these competencies in staff and family child care providers. Provide feedback about what you see, and be prepared to support staff members and family child care providers as they meet the mental health needs of children and families.

    探索

    探索

    您必须熟悉与儿童心理健康相关的资源,尤其是与部署相关的资源。花点时间浏览下面的资源。使用Mental Health Resource Sheetand write down the resources you find. Use the two-page支持ing Children Who Are Experiencing Stress从儿童保育意识到更好的支持工作人员谁与儿童经历焦虑。

    Think about ways you can share these resources with staff. You can also consider how these resources could be used to support children in families experiencing other kinds of separation such as long-term illness, incarceration, or frequent travel.

    Apply

    Apply

    It is important to continuously observe staff members’ performance and provide feedback on what you see. Use theMental Health Best Practices Checklistas a focused observation tool to support staff that have completed the Healthy Environments course but may need additional support or follow up on supporting children and families experiencing stress. This checklist provides an easy way to follow up on goals set around this topic and provides specific feedback to staff members about what you observed.

    父母的去世可能是孩子身上最具情感挑战性的事件。利用下面的这些资源,更好地帮助工作人员在处理儿童和青年的悲痛时支持他们的心理健康。

    Glossary

    Term 说明
    Deployment 把部队或物资转移到所需的作战区域。军人家属可以根据需要迁往战区或者其他地区
    Fleet and Family Service A Navy program which supports individual and family readiness
    MFLC公司 The Military Family Life Consultant program helps families get the support they need

    Demonstrate

    Demonstrate
    评估:

    第一季度

    Finish this statement: Parental resilience, knowledge of child development and parenting, social connections, concrete supports in times of need, and social and emotional competence of children are…

    第二季

    蒂姆是你们学校适龄项目的工作人员。他的妻子即将第一次出国。他似乎没有很好地处理压力。你能做什么?

    第三季

    Your community is celebrating the return of a large group of service members from a lengthy deployment. Which of the following isnot你的项目可以做些什么来支持孩子和家庭?

    参考资料和资源:

    Beardslee, W. R., Avery, M. W., Ayoub, C. C., & Watts, C. L., (2008). Family Connections Project at Children’s Hospital Boston. Fostering Resilience in Families Coping with Depression: Practical Ways Head Start staff Can Help Families Build on Their Power to Cope.https://eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/fostering-resilience.pdf

    社会政策研究中心(2018).加强家庭保护因素框架。Resources athttps://cssp.org/our-work/project/strengthening-families/

    Gewirtz, A. H., & In Youssef, A. M. (2016). Parenting and children's resilience in military families. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.

    Ginsburg, K., & Jarlow, M. M. (2014).Building resilience in children and teens: Giving kids roots and wings (3rd版)。American Academy of Pediatrics. More information available at:http://www.fosteringresilience.com/index_parents.php

    Huebner C.R.(2019)。美国军人家庭儿童的健康状况。AAP部分关于制服服务,AAP委员会儿童和家庭健康的心理社会方面。儿科。143(1)。http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/143/1/e20183258.full.pdf

    Morse, M. D. (n.d.).近距离观察当前状况:重新审视部署的情感周期。http://suttutht.networkofcare.org/veterans/library/article.aspx?id=2127

    Pincus, S. H., House, R., Christenson, J., & Adler, L. E. (2001).The Emotional Cycles of Deployment: A Military Family Perspective.https://www.military.com/spouse/military-deployment/dealing-with-deployment/emotional-cycle-of-deployment-military-family.html

    芝麻研讨会。(N.D.)。https://www.sesameworkshop.org/

    ZERO TO THREE: National Center for Infants, Toddlers and Families. (n.d.).聚在军人家庭周围(CTAMF)).www.zerotothree.org/about-us/funded-projects/military-families