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Family Engagement: What Is It?

你对家庭合作的感受是什么？你喜欢什么？看似困难的是什么？虽然您可能会感到有动力发展与家庭的关系并支持家庭参与，但很常见的是侧重于与儿童和工作人员的直接互动。结合这些实践似乎似乎似乎似乎很简单。

Family engagement has different meanings for different people. In many cases, it relates to an ongoing partnership between your program and families. Child development and school-age programs are committed to engaging and involving families in meaningful ways, and families are committed to actively supporting their child’s learning and development. The literature around family engagement highlights the following characteristics:

• Strong, trusting relationships between teachers, families, and community
• 对家庭需求的认可，尊重和支持以及差异
• Strength-based partnership where decisions and responsibility are shared
• Activities, interactions, and support increase family involvement in their child’s healthy development
• 家庭对孩子的学习负责yabo电子游艺
• 致谢，家庭参与对家庭和早期护理和学习计划有意义，有利于yabo电子游艺

重要的是要意识到家庭参与可以看起来不同，并采取多种形式。什么家庭参与手段和看起来依赖于独特的特征和个人舒适程度和对每个家庭的理解。

为了帮助确保家庭致力于他们的孩子的学习并从事儿童发展和学龄方案，应邀请家庭参加他们觉得最舒适的水平。yabo电子游艺参与是否为每月会议或参加父母咨询委员会？（并与所有父母共享的母公司咨询委员会会议纪要？）参与意味着捐赠饼干的烘焙销售吗？和班级一起去实地考察？对于家庭来说，对于他们所能做的方式并选择参与和参与 - 将他们的孩子每天携手共同分享他们的担忧或在委员会任职时，这是非常重要的。

家庭参与的重要性

家庭订婚可以通过各种方式使儿童，父母，家庭，教师和计划质量受益。你能记得你家人，社区或学校的关怀成年人如何帮助你发展和发展？

家庭是他们的孩子的第一位教师，他们对他们的幼儿的发展有着强大的影响。在生命的第一年的家庭参与可以支持孩子对学校和持续的学术和终身成功的准备。研究表明，当孩子们涉及父母时，结果是非常积极的，特别是长期（2002年新的证据浪潮）。

当家庭参与您的课程时，他们也可能觉得更归属于那里发生的事情，更能力在父母的角色中。通过这些互动和关系，家庭可以学习促进家庭发展和学习的额外策略。yabo电子游艺这种策略包括扩大儿童的语言，遵循他们孩子的领导，帮助家庭作业，或平静地应对挑战的行为。

包括课程中的家庭

在儿童发展和学龄计划中包括父母和家庭有很多理由。家庭通常对儿童的发展产生最大的影响。家庭参与与儿童的积极成果相关联，包括儿童发展，态度和行为的更好的结果。此外，家庭参与学校可以帮助改善学校计划，学校环境和教师（Hanson＆Lynch，2004; Turnbull，Turnbull，Erwin，＆Soodak，2006）。

Children develop within family units, which are different for each child. Since a child’s entire family can influence his/her development, it is important to think about ways to acknowledge and include diverse family types in your program. Throughout this series of lessons, we use the termfamilyto refer to important people in children’s lives. These people can be parents, siblings, guardians, extended family members such as aunts or cousins, and other individuals who are involved in children’s lives.

与家庭的关系

想想与某人特别的关系以及它开发的关系。关于这个人（他们的特征及其行为）是什么支持你的关系发展？这个人是否乐观，一致，灵活，尊重，一个好的倾听者，可靠，诚实？其中一些相同的特征和支持性互动会导致与家庭的积极，信任关系。

要有效地与家庭建立关系，您必须帮助工作人员反思他们对家庭的想法。您可以花时间与他们一起思考自己的家庭和家庭关系的重要性和影响。例如，请求工作人员反映出问题，“我收到了关于我家庭和文化的关系的消息？”“Do I build relationships and interact with others in the same way important adults interacted and behaved with me when I was a child (e.g. playful, joking, patient, honest, cautious)?“

通过首先理解自己，工作人员可以更好地认识到家庭在其他人的生活中的重要性，并创造一个不同价值观和传统受到尊重和尊重的环境。

下一步是帮助课堂工作人员了解孩子家庭。了解家庭将帮助员工建立关系。每个家庭都带来了各种经验，如教育，健康和技能水平。家庭结构也有所不同;出生，混合，亲属，合作，采用和寄养家庭在许多方案中都是代表。工作人员应该积极了解孩子生命中的家庭成员。

有些家庭将开放，愿意分享有关自己的信息;但是，您会发现其他家庭将更私密。您必须帮助工作人员向家庭传达两个重要信息：（a）我们尊重您的决定与我们分享信息，了解您的家庭实践和（b）我们接受您的家庭做法。这将有助于家庭觉得您的计划重视它们及其实践。

You can work together with staff members to build strong relationships that support consistent sharing of strength-based information regarding a child’s development and learning progress. For example, help staff members learn to share positive information about a toddler with her family:“三位一体今天在我问和她帮助拿起所有街区时使用了清洁篮！”

You can also make sure that families have access to and are provided developmental information that is understandable, meaningful and specific to their own child. Consider respectful ways to share information with families through regular communication, a lending library, periodic newsletters, or other such communication strategies. Lesson Three,Communicating With Families，将提供与家庭共享发展信息的其他信息和想法。

Family engagement starts by meeting families where they are and engaging them in interactions and experiences they choose and that feel most comfortable to them. When families have trusting, consistent, and responsive relationships with others (such as community members, service providers, caregivers, teachers), they are more likely to have positive relationships with their children. In essence, if you think of yourself in partnership with families, you will be attuned with family-centered practice that you learned about in lesson one. The benefits are rewarding!

孩子们出生于家庭 当您专注于家庭时，优化婴儿和幼儿的学习和发展。yabo电子游艺

Families have different strengths and skills When they share what they know, everyone benefits.

家庭为他们的婴儿或幼儿有目标 有时这些目标可能有所不同。

Model

Model Welcoming Families

首先思考家庭和新父母可能对他们的孩子考虑你的计划。家庭经常在寻求儿童开发或学龄龄计划时经历不确定性，并害怕。您可以在此敏感时间内完成以下操作以帮助工作人员支持家庭：

• 邀请家庭访问before their child’s start date. Be present to answer questions about the program’s curriculum and programming.
• 鼓励工作人员将家庭发送个人欢迎笔记，以便在该计划中的每个孩子送一个个人欢迎笔记。提供静止，并确保工作人员有受保护的时间来写出笔记。
• 与家庭分享有关如何参加该计划的信息。与管理层和家庭咨询小组一起携手集体讨论，为家庭享受兴趣。
• Provide tools or mechanisms for staff members to ask families about their child’s例行，优势，兴趣，喜欢和不喜欢。
• 了解您的计划中使用的家用语言，并帮助员工了解关键词和短语to use in the program.
• 调查有关他们的家庭通信偏好。与管理层一起工作，以确保为更喜欢这些方法的家庭维护更新的电子邮件通信列表或电话树。
• Maintain a家庭公告板借助关于当前计划活动，即将举行的会议和活动以及家庭感兴趣的社区机会。
• 展示照片of children and their families in program spaces– hang them on the wall where they can be seen or in durable photo books that children can hold and explore in the lobby.

模特鼓励家庭参与其中

家庭希望被纳入并参与儿童发展和学龄计划。有许多方法可以鼓励和支持家庭参与，例如：

• 邀请家人分享特殊才能（例如，播放乐器，读一本书，唱歌，参与艺术活动）
• 提供家庭成员工作（例如，帮助修复破坏玩具，创建书籍或特殊相册）
• 邀请家庭与您或工作人员观察他们的孩子
• Asking families to help plan activities of their choice based on their strengths and interests
• Creating and sending out a short survey to families asking about their ideas and suggestions for ways they might like to participate
• Scheduling opportunities for families to join their children breakfast, lunch, or snack
• 鼓励家庭与您分享建议或疑虑

在您的计划中，应该有一个特定的计划在全年中如何聘请家庭。虽然家庭的参与是自愿的，但通过积极鼓励参与，您的工作是您的工作。计划活动应反映家庭的利益并激励他们参加。此外，您的计划可能有一个家庭参与委员会。本委员会由鼓励沟通和参与加强和支持儿童和家庭福祉的目标的家庭成员组成。本委员会是您计划的资源和资产，因为家庭可能会讨论问题或疑虑，并建议改善家庭满意度和参与的变化。与工作人员和管理层合作，促进家庭参与。

模型自我反思

为了有效地与各种背景中的个人工作，您必须评估自己的信仰和潜在偏见。使用应用部分中的资源开始此自反映。反思你的朋友和熟人的圈子。您是否经常与来自不同文化，背景和经验的人进行互动？你拥抱儿童和青年周围的人的好奇心吗？反思您在该计划和社区中的行为。您是否尊重所有儿童，青年和家庭？当您身边的人与您不同的人时，您的行为是否会发生变化？您是否赞美儿童，青年和员工，为表现出同情和尊重的行为？

Model Respectful Information Gathering & Sharing

Families generally have information to share about their children. If you are not in a position to gather this information personally, you can encourage staff to ask families about the following:

• Relationships with other family members
• 家庭惯例和实践
• Important family events outside of the classroom or program

For young children, you might also encourage staff members to ask:

• How the child can be comforted
• How the child is affected by routines and changes in routines
• 孩子是否有任何恐惧

For older children and youth, you might encourage staff to ask families about:

• 他们的思想，信仰或对友谊和约会的担忧
• 他们认为随着孩子的增长，他们认为的独立性是多少

这个信息可以使用非正式的聚集d formal conversations, family-teacher conferences, or structured forms. During conversations, asking open-ended questions is a great way to encourage families to share important information. Some examples are, “What would you like us to know about your family that might help us work with your child?” or “What are your family traditions or celebrations that you would like us to know about?” For families that are more private who may not be comfortable sharing this information, careful observation of the child and family interactions will provide useful information. One-on-one conversations might be appropriate for families who are not comfortable sharing information. You may also encourage staff to ask families to fill out a form at the beginning of the year. Whether or not classroom staff collects specific information from families, you must help them integrate different family experiences into the classroom routines. Children should be surrounded by experiences and learning opportunities that introduce them to lots of family differences.

您还必须准备好帮助工作人员与家庭共享信息。这将在下一个课程中更深入地覆盖。

模型尊重语言和互动

您还可以模拟包容性尊重的语言。你应该：

• 使用显示尊重家庭的语言。避免可能羞辱家庭的语言。例如，避免将生物父母称为“真正的妈妈”或“真实爸爸”。
• 诚实地回答有关差异的问题。
• Speak up if you hear disrespectful language or broad overgeneralizations about groups of people or families. Simply saying, “Why do you say that?” or “What makes you think that?” can open a conversation and build opportunities for reflection.

模型尊重的事件和编程

您的计划提供的课程和编程可以帮助所有家庭感到欢迎。鼓励工作人员联系家庭。鼓励编程包括：

• Demonstrating or involvement in cultural celebrations or events.
• Incorporating materials from different cultures in the classroom and program. Musical instruments, clothing, fabrics, art, or toys from around the world can add interest and honor differences.
• 涉及家庭活动。邀请家庭分享技能，才能，利益或文化传统。

观察

Now that you have heard about the importance of engaging families, take some time to reflect on how that actually looks in your work. Read these three vignettes. The vignettes represent the range of ages you might support in a child development or school-age program. Think about what you would say and do to support the family and the staff member.