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    目标
    • Recognize minor injuries, serious injuries, and life-threatening injuries.
    • Identify signs and symptoms that indicate EMS (emergency medical services) should be contacted.
    • 评估如何应对伤害。

    Learn

    Learn

    您在急救和心肺复苏(CPR)中参加课程非常重要。本课程不会取代该课程。本课程仅介绍,在受伤时保持儿童安全。

    Know

    Children are natural explorers. Have you ever thought, “That child has no fear!”? You were probably right: Children do not always recognize the danger in situations. They challenge their developing bodies and minds. In school-age programs, we have to be prepared to respond to a range of injuries. Some injuries will only require cleaning and bandaging. Other injuries require immediate medical attention. You must be able to tell the difference between the two. You must be prepared to respond during any situation. Consider these examples:

    1. As Simone climbs the ladder on the slide, she twists her ankle and falls backward onto the ground. Her left foot is turned at an awkward angle.
    2. Dante和Claire正在通过他们的游乐区追逐铺设的道路上。丹特绊倒并皮质膝盖。
    3. Madison and Tristan are playing basketball. Madison stops quickly. Tristan can’t stop in time and runs into Madison. Both children fall. Madison hits his mouth on the gound and loses a tooth.
    4. Luke drops his soccer ball on the way to his dad’s car. It rolls into the parking lot and he dashes to get it. An oncoming vehicle cannot stop in time to miss him.
    5. Luis brings unidentified pills to your program and shares them with his friends.
    6. 米莉在午餐期间与她的朋友们咯咯地笑了起来。突然她开始窒息。她不能咳嗽或发出任何声音。

    您的节目空间旨在最大限度地减少发生事故时的风险。例如,正确检查的游乐场设备和缓冲的秋季区域使其不太可能在坠落的落后会受到严重伤害。您所教导的安全规则使其不太可能的儿童将以高速彼此碰撞。尽管如此,即使在最好的情况下,事故也会发生。您必须准备好对大而小的伤害行事。有些伤害很小,只需要小急救。例如,当Dante皮肤膝盖时,工作人员可能会通过清洁伤口,涂抹绷带并完成事故报告来响应。丹特能够继续玩。

    其他伤害是严重的,但没有生命威胁。例如,麦迪逊和西蒙隆可能需要医疗治疗,但它们不太可能面临永久性残疾或死亡。

    Some injuries are life threatening and require immediate medical attention. For example, Luke’s accident with a moving vehicle, ingestion of unknown pills, and Millie’s choking could all result in serious injury or death. As a school-age staff member, you must be able to recognize these situations and respond appropriately.

    You must know what resources are available for helping an injured child. Depending on the severity of the injury, you can:

    • 执行,或找到培训的人培训,急救或CPR。您的雇主和社区机构提供急救和CPR的培训,如红十字会。
    • Call emergency medical services (EMS) or its equivalent in international locations. EMS refers to any emergency responders in your area. These may be firefighters, ambulance companies, or the police. EMS services are reached when you dial 911 in the United States. Outside of the United States, talk to your supervisor, trainer, or coach about how to obtain emergency medical services.

    当您决定如何应对伤害时,您必须知道要查找的内容。

    After you have called EMS, remember to contact the child’s legal guardian.

    如果孩子有以下任何症状,请立即致电EMS:

    • 你相信孩子的生命面临风险,或者存在永久性伤害的风险。
    • breathi孩子有困难ng, is having an asthma exacerbation, or is unable to speak.
    • The child’s skin or lips look blue, purple, or gray.
    • 孩子的武器和腿部有节奏的刺激性以及意识丧失(癫痫发作)。
    • 孩子无意识。
    • The child is less and less responsive.
    • The child has any of the following after a head injury: decrease in level of alertness, confusion, headache, vomiting, irritability, or difficulty walking.
    • The child has increasing or severe pain anywhere.
    • 孩子的剪切或烧伤是大,深的,或不会停止出血。
    • 孩子是呕吐的血液。
    • The child has a severely stiff neck, headache and fever.
    • The child is significantly dehydrated: sunken eyes, lethargic, not making tears, not urinating.
    • 多个孩子同时受到伤害或严重疾病的影响。
    • 如有疑问,请致电EMS。

    按照你的程序’s如果儿童在一小时内有以下任何症状或获得医疗注意的政策:

    • 任何年龄患者的发烧,看起来不仅仅是生病
    • A quickly spreading purple or red rash
    • 大便中大量的血液
    • A cut that may require stitches
    • Any medical condition specifically outlined in a child’s care plan requiring parental notification

    Do

    防止受伤:遵循过程中其他在这上课s course. Make sure dangerous and toxic items are out of children's reach.

    Be prepared:Have a well-stocked first-aid kit. Make sure your first-aid and CPR training are always current.

    Respond quickly:Use what you learned in your first-aid courses.

    • Stay calm.
    • 调查现场。环顾四周,了解出了什么问题。决定是否对您接近是安全的。告诉孩子你在那里提供帮助。提出问题并检查儿童前往脚趾的伤害。
    • Take action.决定伤害是否有威胁:孩子有意识吗?孩子呼吸吗?如果孩子没有呼吸,请根据需要进行CPR。使用您在急救和CPR培训中学到的内容来正确完成程序。如果伤害不是生命的威胁,请检查儿童前往脚趾。寻找所有伤害。询问儿童问题并继续检查呼吸和心率。执行所需的任何基本急救。除非他或她的生活有风险,否则不要移动孩子。
    • Make the calls.Decide whether you need to call EMS. Call the child's family.
    • 凑凑热闹。Be prepared to ride with the child in the ambulance. Know what documents and contact information you need to bring with you.
    • Document.Report the injury using the forms provided by your workplace.

    探索

    探索

    重要的是要考虑在压力情况下你会做什么。阅读中的问题Responding to Injuriesactivity and write your responses. Talk about your answers with an administrator, coach, or trainer. Then compare your answers to the suggested answers key.

    Apply

    Apply

    Make sure you are prepared for injuries and other emergencies. Print this form and use it to make sure your first-aid kit is well stocked. This activity acts as a guideline; be sure to check with your程序for their specific first-aid kit requirements.

    证明

    证明
    Assessment

    Q1

    以下哪项不是威胁危险的情况?

    Q2

    这些情况中的哪一个不需要呼叫911(或本地紧急号码)?

    Q3

    哪些陈述是正确的?

    参考资料

    American Academy Of Pediatrics, American Public Health Association, National Resource Center for Health and Safety in Child Care and Early Education (2011). Caring for Our Children: National health and safety performance standards; Guidelines for early care and education programs. 3rd edition. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; Washington, DC: American Public Health Association. Also available athttp://nrckids.org

    American Red Cross.http://www.redcross.org/

    Council of Accreditation's After School Program Standards (2010).www.coaAfterschool.org