Know

You are responsible for supervising the ongoing activity of each child in your care. In school-age programs, activities should support the development of children’s independence and growing sense of responsibility. Children should have the opportunity to make meaningful choices, follow their interests, and spend time alone or with small groups of peers. As a staff member, all of your skills will be put to use supporting each of the children as they gain more independence.

非常重要的是，你要非常认真地对待自己作为适龄员工的角色。分心是致命的。你不应该如此专注于任何活动，以至于你监督孩子的能力受到影响。任何与工作有关的阅读、电话或电脑使用都应该与你的主管讨论，并计划在你不负责孩子的时候进行。

您还需要将您的监督适应您的护理。由于结构和编程因学龄龄节目而异，监督应该灵活地满足所有儿童的需求。群体和个人的监督水平取决于两件事：儿童的特征和活动的特征。一些孩子可能需要比其他孩子更接近。您应该考虑学龄儿童的年龄，能力，发展阶段和需求。非常幼儿，具有特殊医疗保健需求的儿童，残疾儿童或行为需求的儿童可能需要更接近的监督。

此外，还应考虑活动的类型、复杂性和风险或困难程度。例如，在学习新的或困难的技能时，可能需要更多的监督。在阅读或玩棋盘游戏等活动中，可能需要较少的监督。应该尊重和鼓励年长儿童的独立性。yabo电子游艺

监督是一个积极的过程。它涉及观看，听，互动，监测和防止问题。在学龄计划中，监督描述员工如何帮助保护儿童免受伤害或其他危害。根据美国儿科学院，“积极和积极监督”涉及：

• 了解每个孩子的能力
• Establishing clear and simple safety rules
• Being aware of and scanning for potential safety hazards
• Standing in a strategic position
• 扫描游戏活动并在区域内传播
• Focusing on the positive rather than the negative to teach what is safe for the child and other children
• 教孩子如何正确、安全地使用每一件设备（例如，只需先用滑梯脚，并教孩子为什么爬上滑梯会造成伤害）

It is also important to be aware of how your indoor and outdoor environments influence supervision. Good environmental design is the first step in effective supervision. You should design your space with low shelves, clear traffic patterns, and safe materials. You must also teach school-age children the safety rules for your program. Your daily safety inspection should ensure that you have taken all preventive measures to keep school-age children safe.

因为室外游戏是活跃的，学龄儿童通常需要更多的监督户外。必须随时遵循成人儿童比率。如果需要，您还应该能够联系另一名成人寻求帮助，而不离开孩子。上市某些程序可以在必要时使用对讲机或手机，这是这种情况的优秀工具。For certain outdoor activities, a written plan should be in place for providing increased supervision. Examples of these activities might include swimming, skiing, skateboarding, or biking. Sometimes during outdoor activities, group sizes may exceed 30; however, there must be adequate supervision for the group.

看到

有效和积极的监督看起来像什么？在本节中，您将看到在抵达和解雇期间监督的视频示例，在室内和户外。

在抵达期间监督和解雇

你必须有父母的书面指示，说明他们的孩子将如何到达和离开。有关放行/提货授权表的示例，请参见下面的附件。现在看看这个程序如何确保在到达和解雇期间的责任。

监督during Arrival and Dismissal

Supervising Children Indoors

工作人员的位置应使他们能够在一个区域内走动，方便地看到所有儿童。他们必须使用积极的监督策略来注意风险并采取行动。有适当的活动以及制定和保持清晰一致的规则和结果，有助于孩子学习指导适当行为的期望。观察该工作人员如何识别问题、采取行动并贯彻执行。

积极监督

监督儿童户外活动

团队应该共同努力，以识别孩子通常需要帮助的“热点”，或者成年人看到儿童的艰难时间。工作人员应该战略性地争夺，因此他们可以监督所有领域。这意味着员工不会站立或坐在操场上。工作人员应与学龄儿童积极展开，观看，倾听和互动。在监督一个区域时，谨慎讨论长期讨论或与儿童或小群体的剧本。难以与团体进行的同时监督所有儿童。考虑将某些工作人员分配给监督和其他工作人员进行播放和谈话。观看该程序如何使用区域在户外监督。

在户外监督

Do

让孩子们安全：维持儿童的问责制

由于学龄儿童在设施周围活动，因此必须制定方法和战略，确保所有儿童在任何时候都得到照顾。根据照顾我们的孩子：

• 通过将名称匹配到面部来计算儿童。
• 每次过渡时，以及留下一个区域并抵达另一个区域并达到预定的依据。你应该大约每15到30分钟计算孩子。
• 确保您可以始终陈述您的护理中的孩子数量。
• 记录参加表格或口袋卡的计数。
• 注意任何离开小组的孩子（例如，那些去课外活​​动或早期捡起的人）。
• Know the location of school-age children when they have permission to be out of sight and check on them at regular intervals.
• Have a system for knowing where children are as they move from room to room or from inside to outside.

当学龄儿童使用洗手间facilities, they no longer need direct supervision. Your role at this time is to help children use the restroom facilities safely and independently. It is not necessary to see each child as they use the restroom, but you should be able to hear all children if help is needed. You should also be able to enter the restroom quickly to provide assistance for younger school-age children. Depending on the layout of your environment, a staff member may monitor the entrances to the restrooms, or your program may have a system in place such as restroom passes or a sign-out sheet to help staff be accountable for children while they use the restroom. It is important to give school-age children privacy when using the restroom. A staff member should be present to supervise hand washing and other sanitation procedures. The public should not have access to the restrooms.