知道

我们都希望让孩子安全。为此，我们必须能够识别孩子何时受到伤害的方式。寻找儿童福利信息网关事实表上的以下迹象，以儿童虐待和忽视（美国健康和人类服务部）。

The child:

• 显示行为的突然变化或似乎在没有解释的情况下返回
• Has not received help for physical or medical problems brought to the parents’ attention
• 总是很有意思，好像准备好不好的事情发生
• 缺乏成人监督
• 过于兼容，被动或撤回
• Is dropped off at the program or other activities early, stays late, or does not want to go home

父母：

• 表现出对孩子的担忧
• 否认存在 - 或责备孩子在节目中或家中的孩子的问题
• Asks teachers or other caregivers to use harsh physical discipline if the child misbehaves
• Sees the child as entirely bad, worthless, or burdensome
• 要求孩子无法实现的身体或学历水平
• 主要看着孩子的照顾，关注和情感需求的满意度

父母和孩子：

• 很少触摸或看彼此
• Consider their relationship entirely negative
• State that they do not like each other

It’s not always easy to recognize child abuse and neglect. Remember that any one of these signs by itself does not necessarily mean a child has been abused or neglected. Often a pattern or combination of behaviors may lead to the suspicion that a child is experiencing abuse or neglect.

提出问题并打开沟通线

All children get hurt occasionally: bumps, bruises, and scrapes can be signs of healthy exploration. Sometimes, more serious accidents happen as well: a child pulls a cup of hot tea down on herself or a child is involved in a car accident. Sometimes a medical condition causes symptoms that mimic abuse. For example, some skin conditions can cause marks that look like bruises or scars. To be most effective at protecting children from child abuse and neglect, we must be able to differentiate between accidents and abuse. Conversations are a powerful tool for doing so. Whenever you notice an injury or symptom in a child, complete an incident or accident report and ask about the injury. This is a standard part of caregiving and shows you take an interest in the child’s well-being. Remember, you are没有调查the injury. You are simply doing what comes naturally when someone is hurt: asking what happened and how the person is doing. Here are some tips for asking questions:

• 提出开放式问题。你可能会说，“哎哟。看起来很痛苦。发生了什么？”
• Show concern and empathy: “I bet that was pretty scary. How did it happen?”
• 确保它是一个常常的时间，如果家庭需要它，准备得到帮助。“问你关于Geri的瘀伤是否可以？能打扰你几分钟吗？”
• Find out if there is anything else you should know about the injuries. “I’m glad you took her to the doctor. Is there anything we should do to make her comfortable during the day? Or is there anything she shouldn’t do?”

In most cases the family member will give you a clear and accurate account of what happened. You can also ask the child what happened. You might suspect child abuse or neglect if:

• 孩子的回答和成人的回答不match or if two different adults give conflicting stories about how the injury happened. For example, a child has scratches all over her face. At drop-off, her dad says she got them from a child at a birthday party. At pick-up, her mom says she got them from the family cat.
• The story does not seem consistent with the child’s developmental level. For example, if you know a child cannot yet physically pull her body weight up to climb a tree, you might be suspicious if the parent says she climbed high enough to fall and get seriously injured.
• The story is not consistent with the injuries. For example, a child has burn marks on his hands that look almost like gloves—his hands were clearly submerged in something hot. His mother says the child accidentally grabbed a pot off the stove. Accidental burn injuries usually show some kind of splatter patterns as the child pulls away.

您的培训和课程专家或经理可以是有价值的资源，因为您了解虐待儿童滥用和忽视的迹象。它们是您的第一行支持。每当您有疑问或疑虑时都会去他们。

您的家庭倡导计划可以提供培训和技术支持，以识别虐待儿童虐待和忽视。与您的T＆CS，Manager和家庭倡导计划代表讨论您的任何问题或疑虑。

家庭宣传计划将在当地问题，协议和资源提供更多的安装和服务特定的培训。您还将在整个职业生涯中收到您的T＆CS的额外培训。虚拟实验yabo11vip室学院课程只是您在讨论和预防虐待儿童虐待和忽视的专业学习的开始。yabo电子游艺

您可以在学习部分结束时发现FAP角色和职责的快速摘要。

See

The following are signs often associated with particular types of child abuse and neglect. It is important to note, however, that these types of abuse are more typically found in combination than alone. A physically abused child, for example, is often emotionally abused as well, and a sexually abused child also may be neglected. Remember, there are two kinds of abuse to remain aware of: familial and institutional. The signs and behavioral indicators you see in children may be similar for each.

在儿童发展中心识别儿童虐待和忽视

Caring for children can be a stressful job. There can be a fine line between inappropriate caregiving practices and child abuse. When in doubt, talk to your上市T＆CS或经理。MILT＆CS，经理或FAP。In the course on Preventing Child Abuse in Center Settings, you will learn more about positive guidance and discipline strategies. Sometimes, discipline practices cross the line into maltreatment and even abuse. You will learn more about that in the next course. This lesson focuses on clear examples of child abuse or neglect in child development centers. If you see a pattern of any of these signs or behaviors, you might suspect child abuse or neglect in your setting:

Common Conditions Mistaken for Abuse

有几种医疗条件通常会带来可能被滥用的症状。重要的是要意识到这些条件，但请记住您不负责进行医疗诊断。如果您有疑问，请询问家庭或社区资源进行支持。

• 蒙古景点：这些灰色斑点在出生时存在，经常看起来像瘀伤。它们通常在臀部或腰部上发现，但它们可以在任何地方找到。它们随着时间的推移慢慢地褪色。
• Blood or bleeding disorders:一些遗传条件会导致严重的瘀伤。
• 骨缺乏或疾病：Some bone diseases cause bones to break easily.

Cultural Practices that are Mistaken for Abuse

一些文化有仪式或治疗方法，可能误认为是滥用的迹象。应立即报告所有疑似滥用虐待问题。确定你看到的是文化实践还是虐待事件不是你的工作。您应该提出一份报告，让儿童保护服务或FAP进行确定。本节仅供您提供有关海关的一些基本信息，这些信息可能被误认为是儿童虐待。两个常见的例子正在压制和拔罐。

In coining, the chest, back, and shoulders are rubbed with a medicated ointment. Then a warmed copper coin is rubbed from the top of the shoulders down the back. Dark lines appear from the pressure and the heat. The marks, which look like long bruises, usually last for several days.

拔罐是一种家庭疗法，用于缓解腿部，背部，胸部，腹部或头部的疼痛。一个小玻璃杯倒置，蜡烛在它内部亮起。杯子迅速放在皮肤上，真空效果吸引皮肤。圆形标记留在皮肤上几天。通常存在沿着患处的一系列杯标记。Michael Phelps在2016年奥运会期间将练习带入了前列。

有许多其他文化实践可能被认为是州法律的儿童虐待。如果您不确定标记是虐待儿童的迹象，它总是最好制作报告。适当的当局将决定。

做

• 了解您的护理和家人的所有孩子。如果您不知道孩子典型为典型，则无法识别出问题。学习儿童的模式，金属素，偏好和能力。每天与家人交谈。
• 了解孩子的发展。孩子行为的一些变化可能是惊人的 - 但完全典型的。例如，学龄前儿童在他们的腿上瘀伤并不罕见。亚慱彩票堕落是学习探索的一部分！yabo电子游艺幼儿可能害怕某些成年人，作为典型的“陌生人焦虑”的一部分。了解这些发展阶段可以帮助您识别孩子的行为超出通常预期的时间。
• MILAttend trainings offered by your installation’s Family Advocacy Program on child abuse identification and reporting.
• 发展尊重的沟通技巧。如果您有疑虑，请询问。提出关注孩子福祉的开放式问题。“如果我问你关于乔丹的瘀伤，那是好吗？”或者“我注意到塔莎似乎并不像自己。一切都顺利吗？”如果某些东西似乎是正确的，会收集尽可能多的信息。
• 保持仔细记录。您的日常健康筛查可能是识别儿童虐待和忽视的重要工具。寻找迹象或行为指标，并记下您所看到或听到的内容。写下成年人对伤害和儿童解释的解释（如适用）。如果出现模式，您将有充分证据进行报告。
• 学about the cultures of the children you serve. Some cultures have rituals or healing practices that might be mistaken for signs of abuse. Ask your trainer or manager for information if you need help. When in doubt, make a report. Child Protective ServicesMIL或家庭倡导计划将决定是否发生了滥用。
• 了解您所在州的报告程序MIL或安装。您将在下一课中了解更多信息。