知道

您的第一个优先事项是让孩子们在您的护理中免受伤害，尽管它不像它声音那么容易。婴儿和幼儿依靠100％，让他们保持安全。孩子们年轻，他们依赖于他们周围的成年人。虽然他们正在学习什么是安全的，yabo电子游艺而且没有什么，但在没有你的不断关注的情况下，它将是一段时间。因此，您必须每天全天提供积极的室内监督。

Utilizing primary care-giving supports active supervision. Assigning a primary group of infants or toddlers to you and your teaching partner creates a smaller group of children, which makes supervision easier. Even though you are assigned specific children for the purposes of continuity of care, all teachers in a classroom provide assistance in supervising all the children in the room.

比率

良好的比率优化护理，帮助保持婴儿和幼儿安全。你的PUBLIC程式ratios must be maintained at all times. Follow yourPUBLIC程式如果您需要紧急帮助以维持比率，请联系主管的程序。

What is a Safe Adult-Child Ratio?

Recommendations for adult-child ratios have two parts: (a) the number of children per staff member and (b) the maximum group size. National associations and the Department of Defense recommend a maximum group size of eight for children ages birth to 15 months and a ratio of at least 1:4. When children are 21 to 36 months, the maximum group size can reach 12 children (ratio 1:6). The group sizes and ratios are guidelines. Your specificPUBLIC状态已建立成年儿童比率，旨在让孩子保持安全。

监督

监督不仅仅是看婴儿和幼儿。它涉及积极观察和预测其行为，预测和评估环境的危害，并在常规，戏剧和学习期间与婴儿和幼儿进行互动。yabo电子游艺监督必须根据每个孩子的需求而变化，每项经验和每项活动。

在发生之前避免问题。在与您的共同教师谈话期间，讨论安全问题并进行必要的调整。如有必要，可以介入。您可以在与婴儿和幼儿一起使用时进行监督，以支持他们的社会发展。

How your environment is arranged can either help or hinder supervision. For example a tall shelf can get in the way of your ability to visually supervise the children on the other side. If there are areas that make being able to see more difficult then it’s important that you position yourself so you can see what’s going on at all times. Hazards in the environment can pop up at any time. For instance, toddlers may drop toys in the fall zone of the indoor climber, or water may be spilled on the floor during water play, putting everyone at risk. Frequently scanning the room for possible hazards and taking the necessary actions will help prevent injury.

See

在游戏和学习期间的监督yabo电子游艺

During play and learning, you should be able to easily see children at a glance in all parts of the room. Noise levels should be maintained that allow you to hear infants' coos, sounds of distress, and the language of toddlers. Being able to hear infants and toddlers means you will be alert to distress, and it is important for development of language skills.

始终住在婴儿和幼儿的易于到来 - 不超过手臂的长度。一些活动需要更接近的监督。例如，如果儿童无人看管，可以使用攀爬设备，或使用攀爬设备的使用，或者使用攀爬设备，如果儿童无人看管。

靠近非移动婴儿，以保护他们免受移动婴儿和幼儿。靠近一个孩子的行为更具侵略性的孩子。允许所有婴儿和幼儿与同行互动以发展社交技能。您的存在不仅会保护婴儿，它将促进社会化。

在常规护理期间监督

Routine care, which includes meals and snacks, diapering and toileting, arrival and departure, and nap, requires vigilant supervision.

抵达和离开

The arrival and departure routine is the transferring of care to and from home. Greeting each family member and child upon arrival is a conscious and visible strategy to say “I am aware and happy that you are here.” This says to families that their child is transitioning to your care for the day. Departure is similar. Greeting the family when they arrive and saying goodbye to the child and family completes the transition. To account for each child, immediately record the arrival and departure date and time and the name of the adult dropping off or picking up the child.

喂食

遵循这些安全监督指南在喂食期间：

尿布和厕所

在尿布期间，始终保持婴儿的手。在尿布前准备的材料允许您的手保持任务。厕所常规将幼儿暴露于足够溺水的水深。洗手可能涉及步长，幼儿可以从中掉下来。请记住，这些类型的护理惯例可能是您的常规，但它们不是幼儿。他们的运动技能仍在开发。他们仍在学习协调和平衡，因此事yabo电子游艺故更容易发生。浴室不容易进行安全，因此您对危害的认识至关重要，以防止受伤。

小憩

在午睡期间的积极监督至关重要。婴儿应始终通过视觉和声音直接观察。这包括他们将睡觉或醒来的时候。房间里的照明必须让您看到每个婴儿的脸，以查看皮肤的颜色，并检查他们的呼吸。虽然安全睡眠实践在本课程的第五课中得到解决，但这里值得在这里说婴儿必须始终放在他们的背上睡觉。当婴儿和幼儿正在睡觉时，镜子或视频设备可用于支持睡眠区域的监督，但它们不会取代直接视觉或听觉监督。

观看以下视频，并遵守护理人员使用的监督策略以及每个策略如何在让孩子们安全中发挥作用。

做

监督不是孤独的任务。与婴儿和幼儿互动时，您最佳地监督。您和婴儿和幼儿将在谈论，唱歌，咯咯地笑，让发现，安静的时间，分享一本书，探索玩具和材料，共享一对一，并与同行接合。

由于您的监督，婴儿和幼儿可以自由地了解自己，他们的环境和周围的人，这促进了一种全面的发展方法。您应该能够进行以下声明：

在比率和室内监督方面，我总是利用以下策略：

• 我期待孩子的行为。
• 我不断通过孩子的所有空间行动。
• 我经常扫描区域以确保安全。
• 我限制了与其他成年人的联系。
• I am in an arm’s reach of infants during tummy time.
• 我一直检查设备是否损坏。
• 我经常与儿童接触。
• I always keep one hand on the infant while diapering.
• I immediately act to prevent injury.
• I provide interaction and support during play and learning.
• 我迅速和有效地回答孩子dren's distress.
• 我为高风险活动提供了更紧密的监督。
• 当移动婴儿和幼儿在附近时，我坐在婴儿附近。
• I always place infants on their backs to sleep.
• I am present and closely watch each child use the toilet.
• I am present and closely watch each child wash his or her hands.
• 我与其他工作人员协调，以确保我们在房间里定位，所以所有的孩子都可以随时可见。
• I remain in an arm's reach of children who are eating.
• 我与要睡觉的孩子保持视觉接触，睡着，或者正在醒来的过程中。